Negativland (10/16/95)

(..yup, the full unedited previously unreleased limited edition collector scum colored vinyl internet only so-you-can-feel-like-part-of-the-in-crowd version of the interview...)

Seat bee sate. No other possibility. Snuggles. It's not even funny. I own it, I control it. Another perfect cut. Make sense yet? Don't worry. Only fans of sound-bite engineer extraordinaires Negativland would have not been baffled by now. The above phrases represent a crumb of the immense library of samples that have appeared on dozens of message-filled, humorous, and ultimately mind-blowing Negativland releases since 1980. The members of Negativland endured a traumatic and financially draining lawsuit, beginning in 1991 and involving Island Records and SST Records, regarding the infamous-and-now-out-of-print U2 single. Yet Negativland have released more records since the lawsuit than ever before. So why KUCI allowed the enigmatically uninspired K!z!K to crank-call Negativland spokesman Mark Hosler live on the air is beyond us. Fortunately, Mark was prepared.

Enjoy.

K!z!K


K!z!K:
It is 8pm here on KUCI 88.9fM in Irvine...

Voice:
It's 8pm...

K!z!K:
Pacific time of course! And we're on the phone right now with Mark Hosler of Negativland, so, say hi.

Voice:
[Gurgling] "GGGH-GHGGHG-GGHGHGHHG-GHGHHGHGHG_GGHGMmmm..... GGHGHGGHGG- GHGHGHGHHG-GHGHG-GHGHGmmmm"

K!z!K:
[laugh] Well, there you go... well, anyway, you released the Fair Use book about a few months ago, and it ended on a somewhat positive note. You reached an out-of-court settlement with SST. Island records and affiliates finally agreed to give permission for the re-release of the U2 single, provided of course that Casey Kasem give permission. So that only leaves that one obstacle...the "Casey" barrier... I wanted to ask how far you've gotten along in tackling that barrier, and in perhaps convincing Casey to finally give the OK.

Voice:
[Gurgling] "GHGHGHG-GGGHGHGHGHG_GHGHG GOOOHHGmOGHGGHM GGGANNSWERR GU GGHGAT GGGESTIONGGh.... GHIM GNONT GGHGMARGHGK GHGOOSLEGLER... GHGHI GGHAAM GNOT.....[in background] he wants to know about...U2"

Mark Hosler:
Hi.

K!z!K:
[laugh] Did you hear my question?

MH:
No, I didn't hear your question. They...they wouldn't let me use the phone. Someone else had the telephone, and I just...[LOUD BANG AND CRASH] ...got it from him. That was, man... [LOUD TONE PITCH BENDING].... wait a minute... you're going to have to repeat that question. Real sorry.

K!z!K:
[laughing] No problem! The question was this: Fair Use was released about a few... well, almost a year ago...

MH:
See, now everyone here is talking while you're talking...[CRASHING SOUND]...and I can't hear...the question.

K!z!K:
Well, OK, then...now can you hear me? Am I coming through clear?

Voice [background]: I was not talking!

MH [to Voice in background]: Will you shut up? [SCREECH AND ANOTHER LOUD BANG] I'm trying to talk on the RADIO... in Southern California after a lame Sonic Youth song. [to K!z!K] OK, go ahead.

K!z!K:
OK, well the question is this: Fair Use left off on a potentially positive note, with Island records and affiliates finally giving...

MH:
Oh, you're asking the "Where are things now?" question.

K!z!K:
Yes!

MH:
OK, you could ask the "Did The Edge ever lend you the money?" question. [veiled laughter]

K!z!K:
[obliging pause] Did The Edge ever lend you the money?

MH:
No, he did not! He didn't even have the courtesy to just say "No, I've changed my mind, I'm not interested." So did you finish your question?

K!z!K:
Um, Ya. Where are things now in terms of getting Casey Kasem to give the final OK or what not?

MH:
Well, he has continued to receive mail from Negativland fans; and he's even gone so far as to call up one person who wrote him a letter. This wasn't a journalist or anything; just somebody wrote him a very thoughtful letter asking him to please agree to let Negativland have their record back, and pointed out something I never thought of... which was that everytime someone writes about a story about our U2 single, he/she always ends up quoting what Casey said -- and so far more people, literally thousands and thousands more people, have been reading his little embarrassing outtakes in print than those who would ever hear our record if he had just let us put it out, say, as a mail-order thing. So, Casey actually called this guy up on the telephone to explain to him why he couldn't do it. It's just unbelievably bizarre. But it's the kind of guy he is.
I spoke to someone who was a DJ in Los Angeles for many years and who actually worked in the same building as Kasem, and he said the outtakes that we used on our single were more like an average day; they were not that out of the ordinary. The engineers in this building were really terrified to have to go work with Kasem, because that's how he treated them. Now I don't if he still does that. In fact, I would have a feeling, after all that's happened with our record, that he's probably a lot nicer to all those engineers. [laughs] So my understanding is that by flip-flopping his position on our record and basically suppressing it after saying it was a free speech issue, Casey Kasem's not just covering up a bad day; he's covering up a whole dark side of his personality. This is why I feel that he will never, ever agree to let us release our record. It's a little like Michael Jackson coming out and saying "You know those things you thought about me and those 11 and 12 year old boys? Well, they're true." Now, we all know they're true. But he's never going to actually admit it. Anyway, next question! EEEEHHHH [buzzer sound]!!

K!z!K:
Oh well, sorry about that. I was hoping to hear something positive about that...

MH:
Well, with us, everything is always negative. At least according to Casey Kasem. However, if anyone wants to help, you can write him a nice letter. What's that e-mail address of his?

K!z!K:
As far as I remember, it's "Casey4300@aol.com"
{K!z!K -- Don't ask how I remember these things.}

MH:
Yes, Casey4300..

Voice [background]: AAAAAAAAAAAARRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR!!!

MH:
@.. oh, sorry..

K!z!K:
Oh, no problem. [laughs]

MH:
@aol.com. But please write him a nice letter, because one of the things he got from one of our fans was a death threat, and he did call the FBI, and had them investigate all the members of Negativland. We don't really want to go through that again, so write him a nice, thoughtful letter. Because I think he is, in some ways, a very nice and thoughtful guy. He's just a little... mixed up. [laughs] He just spent too many years doing the voices for Scooby and Shaggy, and it just got to him.

K!z!K:
I wanted to ask if you're hoping to set a precedent or use legal bait, in hopes of going to court and settling the Fair Use once and for all, so that you can make what you guys do and what, for example, the Evolution Control Committee does and things like that OK without being completely illegal.

MH:
Well, there are two things you should know. One, it's not automatically illegal if you use someone else's work, whether it is audio or visual or text or anything. It has to be contested by that person, and it's for the courts to decide. Because you could claim it's a fair use. The person suing you can say "No, that's piracy", etc. But it isn't automatically illegal. It's an important distinction to be made, because many people seem to think mistakenly that if you take a little chunk of, say, a Nine Inch Nails song, or a little chunk of some talk radio show guy, and use it, then you're automatically doing something illegal. It's simply not true. It's a case-by-case basis to be decided in the courts. Of course, the reality is no one has any money to go to court and decide it; so, they're all settled out of court, and they're always in favor of the big guys. To answer your other question... the CD that comes in our book, as you may or may not have noticed, goes over the top in who we're taking stuff from. We actually credit everybody. This is the first time we've done this.
We're taking a cue from John Oswald, whose done the Plunderphonics releases -- he based out of Toronto. He has always advocated crediting people. "You don't get permission to use their material, but you at least credit them." He always felt that was the ethically correct thing to do. We decided he was right. We've never done this before. We've never actually kept track of everyone we used; and so for this particular release, we did. We pretty much figured out everyone whose material we used; we kept a long list; and we printed it in the back of the book -- which makes it that much easier for someone if they really wanted to go after us. We're admitting publicly that we're using something by Led Zeppelin or Walt Disney or whatever. So, in a way, we felt that this particular book was the safest place to do that in. Because the book is about Fair Use. So if somebody wanted to sue Negativland for the audio that we appropriated on the CD in our book, our defense would be a Fair Use defense that's on a CD called Fair Use, that's part of a collage about Fair Use, that's in a book about Fair Use, that's called Fair Use. It even has the Fair Use clause reproduced in the front of the book! I actually don't think anyone would even want to go after us, because they'd think they wouldn't have a strong case to make against Negativland. Because our defense would be so clear-cut.

K!z!K:
So if they see the book, and see the sample, they say "A-ha! We're suing you... but wait what's this in the book?....Oh, well whaddaya know."

MH:
Yeah. But that's just our case in that particular project. John Oswald has done something where he took an entire Dolly Parton song, and all he did was start out with it really, really fast; and the whole piece is just the song slowing down from beginning to end, until it gets so slow that it doesn't play anymore. It was called "The Great Pretender". Dolly Parton starts off sounding like a little mouse, and then turns into sounding like a woman, and then by the end sounds like a man, and then sounds like a giant, and then a monster; slowly, she sounds like somebody else as the song goes on. I think that was a totally OK reuse of someone else's work. But I'm sure the courts wouldn't agree. That's a pretty extreme example. It doesn't really make any point, like our work does. It doesn't have any real obvious political/cultural point to make. It's just a nice piece. So, someone like Oswald would have a lot harder time defending it in court than we would.

K!z!K:
Well, if you are looking to get people's attention, Orange County is home of Disney and Taco Bell! Actually, Taco Bell is just a mile away {from here}.

MH:
Taco Bell is owned by Pepsi Co. I believe?

K!z!K:
Yeah.

MH:
Well, we are working on a book called Negativland's Guide To Disneyland, and we're also working on a project that's dealing with one of the world's largest soft drink manufacturers.

K!z!K:
Well, there you go! [laughs]

MH:
I don't know what will happen with that. I don't know why we always keep being drawn to these kind of ideas, but we are. I guess we just love to lose money! We're doing other stuff though. We're working on an all-instrumental record that's about nothing really. It's just about sound -- which is one of the reasons why I started doing this in the first place! It was because I loved playing with strange noises. It's also why we've gone back to running our own record label. Because, we don't want to worry about people telling us what to do. I don't want to have an attorney from some record label poring over every audio track that Negativland makes, and telling us what we can and cannot use, and tying up records up for years trying to pay sampling clearance fees, and all that. We just want to make what we're going to make. So, it seemed a good choice to work that way. It also means we're not very well distributed anymore, because we're not really aggressive business people.

K!z!K:
Well, I've managed to see a lot of the "Over The Edge" releases in a lot of prominent stores. I was actually about to mention that, for as independent as a label can be, your stuff does get around. I see them at all the major chains.

MH:
That's good. I'm surprised to hear you say that because my impression is that our stuff doesn't get around. It doesn't really sell very much. People would probably be surprised if they knew how little we sell given the amount of attention we've gotten. The tradeoff is we'd rather make less money doing what we do and be able to creatively control it, than make more money and relinquish a lot of the whole art aesthetic to some attorney at some label. Plus, the record industry is so full of totally reptilian, pig-headed, monstrous slug-like creatures [laughs]that we don't want to work for them anyway, regardless of these copyright laws. I wouldn't want to help put a dime in their pockets.

K!z!K:
Yeah, even independent labels... sometimes they can be worse, as we very well know from the whole fiasco.. of course, we won't mention any names...

MH:
They can be worse. There are some out there that I think are OK. But, essentially, the problem I have with any record label is that you've got a business man -- even if he's doing it because he loves the music-- you've got a business person in a relationship with an artist that creates this really unequal power relationship that is inherently exploitive. I just don't like it; I'm not comfortable with it. But that doesn't mean that's how everyone else should be. It may sound like we're trying to tell artists and musicians how they should act, but we're not. It's just for us. We couldn't work that way.

K!z!K:
As you mentioned, going through legal channels... I've heard that when the Flaming Lips had just one sample on one of their records, which was supposed to be released in 1991, they had to wait for clearance a full year in order to get that released. And that was just one sample off one song.

MH:
Right. Well, De La Soul were sued by Flo and Eddy of the Turtles for a sample on their album 3 Feet High And Rising; and coincidentally, the guy who represented Flo and Eddy in suing De La Soul is the same attorney that Greg Ginn from SST hired to sue Negativland. I don't know what that means, but I thought that was an amazing ironic coincidence. [laughs]. But anyway, the next De La Soul album was finished and was held up for two more years while they tried to clear all the samples, because they were so paranoid about getting nailed again. So you have a case where you've got the evolution of an entire art form, in this case hip-hop, being totally altered, because everyone is concerned about lawsuits or worried about whether they can afford to pay the sampling clearance fees -- assuming people even agree to it. You can go to someone to clear a sample, and they may say "No, we're not going to let you use it."

K!z!K:
Hopefully, one of these days, there'll be one case where a precedent that's for the benefit of either the hip-hop artist or the "copyright infringement" artists gets set.

MH:
Yes. It's got to come from the hip-hop world. Because people like Negativland and the Evolution Control Committee... we're just these kind of intellectual white guys in the underground. You've got to have someone like Hank Shocklee or Chuck D. or somebody like that. Or actually, for crying out loud, the Beastie Boys. They're smart. They know that this is really screwed up. But nobody is going to come out and go to the mat and fight over it, because there is too much at stake. There's this system that you're a part of when you're playing that kind of game -- trying to be popular and make money. You just accept the rules of the system, and if you buck it too much, you may have some real problems with your label and with the whole industry. Even though it might help an individual artist if the rules could change, the major labels would then be losing all the control and income they're deriving from selling off samples of their old work. And of course, what they love about all of this is that a lot of what's being sampled is from old records... and who do you think owns all the publishing and all the rights of those old records? Not the musicians; it's mostly the record labels. So it's a lucrative little thing. And it keeps attorneys busy, because this kind of thing is always good for the attorneys.
...
I really do think that a lot of this is really driven by lawyers. You've got all these attorneys that work at record companies, and they have what's called "bill-able" hours. They're kind of on-staff attorneys, and they have to find something to be doing to justify the $400 an hour they're being paid by their record label, so they just start coming up with this stuff. And this was a great way to keep themselves busy and make their bosses feel that they were worth being paid all the money they get.

K!z!K:
The whole U2 affair took that sentiment and blew it up 10 times over for me when I was reading the initial reports that U2, Brian Eno, etc. really had nothing against the single, and yet you had Chris Blackwell.. you had Paul McGuiness, you had all these people...

MH:
Well, I honestly don't know who to believe. Because quite honestly, I don't believe that U2 had nothing against it. I think if they did, things would have turned out differently a lot sooner than they did. If they truly stood by their convictions, than they would have done something to change the situation. And it wouldn't have taken Negativland three years of writing them letters to finally change their minds. Practically four years!
When we did that interview with The Edge, I actually was fairly hopeful. I was quite surprised that he seemed to be as much on our side as he was. We were then quite surprised, though we shouldn't have been, that he proceeded to do absolutely nothing. But as I said, when you get into that part of the curd of the culture industry, you play the game by certain rules. You cannot rock the boat that much.

K!z!K:
Well, at least if U2 doesn't a get a real re-release...

MH:
...there are bootlegs of it out there. It's on the internet. There's thousands of people who do have cassettes copies. There's 5000 CD copies of it out there. So I think anyone who really wants to find it, he/she can track it down. There are bootlegs out there that are printed up to look like the original, but they're not. And you can tell. One of them spelled Negativland wrong on the label, with an "e". And on both of them, the UPC code, instead of being solid black which it is normally, if you look up close is made up of little dots... because it's been screened for reprinting. So, if you see them... pick them up, but you shouldn't pay $50 or $100 for them, because then you're being ripped off.

K!z!K:
Well, when the single originally came out, it was around $12.. and that was just for 12 minutes, but what could you do?

MH:
Yeah, that was overpriced too. But, of course, we couldn't affect that. That was an SST policy. In fact, if stores buy our new stuff now directly from our distributor and they mark it up the normal amount that retail does, our CDs should sell for $10.98 for a single CD, and about $14.98 for a double. We really try to make them cheap, because CDs don't really cost that much to make. They're just the most unbelievable rip-off.
....
But let's stop talking about that and complaining, and talk about the new Negativland release coming out -- Sex Dirt! Sex Dirt! It's all about sex, dirt, and germs! None of this intellectual property crap! [laughs] That's all behind us now!

K!z!K:
That's part of the "Over The Edge" series, correct?

MH:
Yes. And unlike the other "Over The Edge's that have come out, this one is actually all music. The other ones had lots of talking and lots of different characters -- a lot more like Firesign Theater. With this one, it's almost as if Negativland has become this very bizarre screwed-up rock band with the Weatherman as the lead singer. It's a whole hour's worth of new stuff. It was recorded live over the summer on "Over The Edge", and we edited it down from many hours of live radio down to a CD. It comes with a specially patented Negativland moist toilette...[laughs]

K!z!K:
"Over The Edge" was something that, I believe, Don Joyce started back in 1981 or so?

MH:
Yeah, it was just a normal radio show. He played records, just like you are, or I'm assuming that's what you do.

K!z!K:
Yeah.
{ Weeeell, I've done a rusty live-performance noise radio show years ago, but let's forget I mentioned it. -- K!z!K}

MH:
Just one after another. He didn't turn them off on the air, or play them backwards, or scratch them, or make tape loops. He just played normal records. And then when he met with us, we started talking about the way we mixed our records. He said "Why don't you come up to the radio station and bring some gear and maybe we could do something on the air?" And we did. That week, that was the first time he turned a record off on the air, and since that July in 1981, he's never gone back to doing a normal show again.

K!z!K:
How did KPFA react to it when they started listening to the show, and things weren't exactly what they were intended to be?

MH:
KPFA is ostensibly a very progressive station. They're progressive in their politics, I think, but not in their aesthetics. To me, there isn't a difference between, say, having a Noam Chomsky lecture on the air and having some kind of experimental mixed-live crazy radio on the air. It's all part of having a little more open minded point of view, both politically and aesthetically. But for KPFA, the show was like "What the hell is this?". Fortunately, when we started, the show was on Sunday nights from 2am 'til 7am. So we were in such a graveyard slot, it wasn't being rubbed in the noses of the programmers too much...or rather, the director of the station. At some point, I think in '86, we moved to Thursday nights from midnight to 3 in the morning. By this time, the show had built up a real listenership, and the music director at the time seemed to enjoy pointing to our show as their one example of this innovative experimental programming. As opposed to, say, playing experimental music or unusual audio pieces on the air, we were actually doing something with the radio station. Over the years, there have been occasional complaints, but not very many. One time, we pretended that KPFA had been taken over by right-wingers, and it was a right-wing talk show. It was called "Talk Right". And we got in a little trouble for that. [laugh]

K!z!K:
When was this?

MH:
I don't know when this was... '87. There are other things that had happened. We've played commercials, and we're not supposed to do that. I think one time, in the early 80's, we pretended there was an earthquake that was destroying the entire Bay Area. [laugh]

K!z!K:
[laugh] Well, uh, later on, that would actually really happen..

MH:
Yup, that's true, but this was back in '84. The other thing we did once was... there used to be a guy that would come on the air after us; this is when we were on 'til 7 in the morning. He had this real mellow show where he played Windham Hill, folky, yuppie muzak -- real pretty, George Winston, pretty piano, acoustic guitar... and there was one week where he came into the show, and we always had everything switched differently when we're on the air than most programmers would, because there would be anywhere from three to six people on the air at once mixing live and bringing in instruments and turning everything on and off all night. So he came in; and when he went on the air we had forgotten to switch everything back to normal, he got all flustered and confused because the things were switched wrong. And since we were still recording our air-check at the time, we ended up with a tape of him saying, "Oh hi, this is... Denny Smithson...on.. wait a minute, am I on the air? Hold on, just a sec, uh, wait! Hold on uh", and he's all confused, and he's trying to switch things, and you hear us telling him what to do. So we had this tape. A month later we did this show where we actually ended the show at a quarter to 7 in the morning, but we said it was 7 o'clock on the air -- "It's 7am. You've been listening to 'Over The Edge' and now it's time for the next DJ". And then what we did was we turned on the tape recording of him messing up from the previous show. Then, we turned up all the mikes in the studio so the ambiance of the tape would mix with the real ambiance of us live, which was us just tearing our equipment down and leaving and chatting. So the real DJ wanders in around 5 minutes to 7, doesn't know that all the mikes are up, and assumes that this decoy record that he sees playing is what's going over the air.. but it isn't. It's just him and us in the studio talking. He finally comes on the air at 7 and never had any idea that this whole thing had been going on over the air. Maybe that was a mean thing to do, but it seemed like a funny idea at the time and stuff like that makes great radio ...
When "Over The Edge" moved to Thursday nights, we also did a show that was the last 'Over The Edge' ever. The show was canceled. And that was a lot of fun. We got everyone who had ever been on the show to come up, and we had a big reunion party. Of course at the very end, we got saved by C. Elliot Friday, who moved us to a new time slot.

K!z!K:
Is there a way to get a copy of any show that's ever been broadcast?

MH:
Well, no... The CDs we've put out are edited versions of select shows we think are interesting enough that they can work as a CD release. But, again, they're edited; they're telescoped from longer shows. But Don has actually been making available complete shows from beginning to end -- an entire 3-hour or entire 5-hour show. They're each around $20 or something like that. He has a list of, I think, 70 shows now. So they're select. We're not making any available that are duds. I can give you an address, if people are interested, or you're interested...

K!z!K:
Oh yeah! Go ahead.

MH:
Well, you can get the "Over The Edge" CD releases through Negativland's mail order or through a store. But with these full shows, we custom-make tapes for people. You write to:

Over The Edge Tapes
497 43rd St.
Oakland, CA 94609.

K!z!K:
We were just going to take a break here, and play a song off Dead Dog Records, and continue the interview shortly after, then wrap it up. First off, here is "Gimme The Mermaid". Any story behind this track in particular?

MH:
No... but if there's anything we could get nailed over, the one you're playing is probably it. [laugh]

K!z!K:
All right! Well, ur..

MH:
You're actually playing my favorite track on the record. I'm quite pleased with how that one turned out.

K!z!K:
Here it is, "Gimme The Mermaid" on KUCI... here doing an interview with Mark Hosler of Negativland.

MH:
RAAAAAAAAAAARRRRRR!!


{Negativland "Gimme The Mermaid"}


K!z!K:
That was "Gimme The Mermaid" here on KUCI 88.9fM in Irvine, that is of course included on the Dead Dog Records CD included in the Fair Use book. If you want to get the true facts on the whole U2 case, go ahead and get the book, Fair Use, because...

MH:
...there's more information than you could ever possibly want. And it's put together in a delightful easy-to-read format with plenty of pictures and makes great toilet reading! Because you can just read one or two pages at a time as you follow the ups and downs and all the delightful hi-jinx of those lovable flop-tops Negativland, as they.. [laugh]
...
So I was going to tell you that the end of the song you just played.. you hear a voice that comes in and says "Yo Man! Shut Up! I ain't goin' out like that! I'm makin' music for the people!" That is Marky Mark from Marky Mark And The Funky Bunch and their album Music For The People. That track, ["Music For The People"], starts out with a 5 or 10 second sample from Negativland, from our album Escape From Noise. Of course, Marky Mark, who does pay clearances for all the recognizable samples he uses, did not contact us for that. He just took it and used it. That is a million-selling record, or more than that -- that release had his big hit version of "Walk On The Wild Side", the Lou Reed song. So we decided to sample from the track in which Marky Mark sampled from us. Of course, we've never approached Marky Mark for money or anything. He makes stupid records, but he's entitled to take our music and do whatever he wants with it.

K!z!K:
I remember watching the MTV Music Awards, I think, in 1989?...

MH:
Oh yeah! We've been used on the MTV Music Awards too. And our stuff has shown up on a bunch of different acid house records and dance records. Someone told me there's a B-side of a UB40 single -- I'd love to find out what it is -- and the B-side has a sample from Negativland in it.

K!z!K:
It seems that most people end up sampling from Escape From Noise. I know that's what most people end up suggesting as a first Negativland album. What is your favorite Negativland album? Or are they all like your children?
{ I admit, a sleazy change of subject. -- K!z!K }

MH:
I don't know... I wouldn't listen to any of them! [laugh] They're too difficult! What a pain in the ass! You can't do the dishes. You can't have a conversation. You have to actually sit down and put on the headphones and listen to them like you're watching a movie. How annoying! The truth is when I listen to music, I like to have it on when I'm doing the dishes, or having dinner, or writing, or working on something. I don't often sit down and just listen to music. I used to.. when I was a kid. I loved to pull out the headphones and put on my favorite Yes album or Pink Floyd or Mike Oldfield album or whatever I was listening to...[laugh] I make this stuff. It doesn't mean I'd want to go and listen to it. People always wonder what we listen to. We spend so much time making such a godawful racket that I want to listen to stuff that's pleasant. I hope that answer doesn't disappoint you.

K!z!K:
Aw, not at all! What are you listening to, nowadays?

MH:
Let's see. While I was making dinner, I was listening to The Cars' Greatest Hits; that was a lot of fun. After that while I ate dinner, I was listening to Neroli, which is a Brian Eno ambient thing which is one drifty piece that goes on for an hour. What else do I like? I love old jazz from the 20's and 30's. I love old Hawaiian music from the 20's and 30's -- all that slide guitar... I like all kinds of music from The Sudan, Korea, Mozambique, Zaire, and all over the world. I don't listen to much experimental music.

K!z!K:
You mean you don't listen to Controlled Bleeding?! or Nine Inch Nails? or Ministry?! [laugh]

MH:
No! Well come to think of it, I did pick up a copy of the newest Nine Inch Nails record used but I haven't listened to it yet, because I was just curious. I don't care for his lyrics, but a lot of the sounds that that guy makes are actually really cool. I met him, and... what's his name?

K!z!K:
Trent Reznor.

MH:
Yeah, Trent Reznor. I met him in Los Angeles and gave him all of our propaganda about copyright stuff. I said "Look, you sample from other people's work on your records, right?", and he said "Yes", and I asked "Do you pay clearance fees on everything? Or only on the stuff that's recognizable?". He said "Well yeah, only on the stuff where you can tell, because the rest of it is so mutilated or distorted that it doesn't matter." It's one of these things where everyone in the industry follows the rules if they can't get away with it. But if they can get away with it, then they'll break the rules. So it's like a The Emperor Has No Clothes thing. Everyone's pretending this is the way it is. It's pretty silly. So I handed it to him, just because I thought he's a big guy in the industry who's obviously involved with appropriating stuff, and it'd be great to stick our little ideas into his head. I actually do want to try and give copies of our book to the Beastie Boys, because I have seen them in interviews talking about some of these issues, and they do seem to be pretty aware that there's something a little screwed up with the way these laws are being applied when it comes to music and the arts.
...
Oh! There is one other thing I want to say, since we're broadcasting over the air in the cultural black hole of the universe there in Los Angeles.

K!z!K:
Well, Orange County, which is even worse, but anyway...

MH:
Well, unfortunately, if you don't live in that area, you tend to think of all that area as being L.A., all the way from just below Santa Barbara down to Orange County. [laugh]

K!z!K:
Uh oh.

MH:
It is just one huge continuous scab of cement on the face of the planet, right? I mean it doesn't really ever stop.

K!z!K:
There are a few churches and fields that separate Orange County and L.A.
{Actually this is a fib. There are fields and churches but they don't separate Orange County and L.A. -- K!z!K}

MH:
There are fields? I didn't know that.

K!z!K:
They're all plowed though.

MH:
The one thing I'd like to say, if anyone is listening and thinking "Why should I care about what this guy's yammerin' on about?" If you're not directly involved in making the stuff, the reason it might be of interest to people is much like the Spotted Owl and old growth forests. It isn't like "How terrible, the Spotted Owl is extinct." It's that the Spotted Owl is an indicator species. Losing it indicates that something's going on in the forest that's not very good. The ecosystem is collapsing. I think that the stuff that's happening to Negativland is sort of an indication, and one of many indications, that we're living in a world that's become so completely owned, controlled, and physically and mentally colonized by corporations and corporate interests. We wear corporate logos on our bodies as fashion! Everywhere you go, there's more and more messages being crammed down your throat from more and more places. There's never less; there's always more of them. The more you think about this and notice it, it really is affecting the quality of life. And it's very disturbing, and really sad to me. There you go. That's my boring, dry little political complaint there.[laugh]

K!z!K:
You mentioned that you read The Emperor Has No Clothes. Are there any other books that you've read that have been influential and inspiring to you?

MH:
Certainly in the music industry, that book Hit Men by Frederick Dannen is excellent. Another book I read that I highly recommend to people -- it's not that well written but it's got great ideas -- is called In The Absence Of The Sacred. It's by Jerry Mander. He is writing all about the blind acceptance of technology -- "Technology is God." -- and that we are never questioning when new technologies come along. Right now, we've got computers and The Information Superhighway. The people who are proselytizing about all this new technology talk about it like a Jehovah's Witness talking about finding Christ or something! It's got that almost religious air to it...that it's going to solve all our problems and make the world better for all of the 35-year-old white guys who can afford all this technology and read WIRED magazine. So this book I'm mentioning, In The Absence Of The Sacred by Jerry Mander.. he does, I think, a good job of raising a lot of questions about all of this: with computers, with new technologies, with genetic engineering, etc. So that one's pretty cool. What else? I just finished the new Clive Barker book. I'm in the middle of reading Sugar Blues which was written in the early 70's. It's all about the scary, nasty things that refined sugar does to your body. A lot of stuff I didn't know that's very surprising.

K!z!K:
Like animals bones that are used in the process of refining? This is something I heard and I've always wondered why.

MH:
I don't know. Relatively speaking, I'm the hippie new-age freak in the band. I'm the vegetarian, and the others in the band smoke and eat TV dinners and drink soda pop all the time. [laugh] If you give me any book on Buddhism, I'll read it! Or anything by Ram Dass. I love that guy.

K!z!K:
I imagine you guys do have jobs. {Duh! -- K!z!K} What do you guys do when you're not involved with Negativland?

MH:
[Cracks up, speaks in dopey voice] "I lay around all day! I get real stoned, and make tape loops!" No, of all the people in the band, I actually make a living from this. It's a rather precarious one, and I keep thinking I'm going to have to go back to a regular job. But for the last five years, I haven't had to, which has been really surprising and amazing to me. It's really stressful sometimes, if you don't have health insurance or whatever. And the other guys either have regular jobs -- like David is still a cable TV installer/repair guy; he still does that.

K!z!K:
And he's happy with it, I assume?

MH:
He is, in his own way. Can you imagine if you were a fan of Negativland and you called to have someone come repair your TV reception, and he came to the door? [laugh] It'd be kind of interesting!

K!z!K:
I'm sure there's one household who moved to Martinez just for that purpose.

MH:
..and Chris does freelance work. He's done sound editing for movies, and he's done some computer stuff. Don sometimes has done graphics; he used to refinish furniture. Don and Chris take freelance work on and off, and aren't having regular jobs lately.

K!z!K:
You're the one guy who lives in Olympia, and the others live in the Bay Area. How do you work that out? Do you have meetings every now and then?

MH:
It's not a lot different than when I lived down there. Negativland never got together to record, rehearse, and compose songs in any normal rock band fashion anyway. When we all lived in the same area we always used to work on separate things. I would work on a track and say "Here, Don, listen.. I made this rhythmic thing. What do you want to do with it?" or "I've edited up this razor-tape of this talk radio thing but I don't know what to do with that." We would trade ideas that way. And now that I live up here, it isn't that much different. The phone bills are a little higher, and I ended up getting a fax machine. I am still not on the internet, but obviously that would be a good thing for us to do just to be able to work on ideas, press releases, and what not. I go down to the Bay Area every few months and I hang out for a week or two. We'll mix or work on whatever we need to do... And I stay with my mom and dad...and they like that.

K!z!K:
Are you involved in other projects while you're up there in Olympia?

MH:
I've played a bunch of shows in Olympia and Seattle with various people. I've done these improvised noise trios -- just total improvisation, no plan at all, and that's been fun. There's been some theater that I've been involved with. There's a film society here that I've done some stuff with. There's KAOS, a radio station here where I did a show. Community stuff.

K!z!K:
You also did a tour in North Carolina?

MH:
Oh yeah, I actually did something that was on my own. It wasn't as Negativland. It was just me and some other folks in North Carolina, and we collaborated. I don't make enough money to travel and do stuff, so I wanted to pay my way out there. I did six shows with which I was able to make enough money to hang out in the Blue Ridge mountains for a month. And that was great; I loved it. It was beautiful. So we had film loops, slides...we had three people on stage doing records, tape loops, bass, violins, synthesizers, my CD player, etc. I did a couple of Negativland things, but almost completely new stuff. We traveled around into Georgia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina. How did you know about that anyway?

K!z!K:
There was this release I saw, on Seeland, by Silica Gel called 50) Noisy Children Party. I asked for info on them on this mailing list on the internet. People responded right away with the full scoop.

MH:
Right. It was a collaboration with those guys.

K!z!K:
I want to remind the listeners that this is KUCI 88.9fM in Irvine. This is an interview with Mark Hosler of Negativland.. so just in case you're wondering what's going on.

MH:
Meow? Meow! Now I think you need to play some more of that ALTERNATIVE ROCK!

K!z!K:
I guess so. [laugh] Well, if there's anything else you want to get off your mind... So there are definitely up and coming projects. Is there any "album" coming out in the near future?

MH:
Like I said, we are putting out this record called Sex Dirt, and it is all about sex, dirt, and germs. That's coming out real soon. We are working on a book that's a guide to Disneyland. That's coming out...I don't know when. We're in this perpetual last 5% stage. We just have a little more to do, but we can't seem to ever finish it. So that's a whole other book we want to publish. There's a whole record of songs I've been working on, which may turn out as a Negativland project or might even be a total solo side project by me -- I'm not sure what's going to happen. Let's see -- instrumental stuff. A big project taking on a major soft drink manufacturer. Don's working on something about UFOs, etc.
Actually, we've always been working on 4 or 5 things at the same time. It just that things come up like lawsuits, and they tend to take a lot of your attention, and you have to put other projects on the back burner. In fact, we've been working on one of these projects, about advertising, since '89. It got put on the back shelf because of the ax murder hoax. And then we started working on it again, and it got put on the back shelf because of the U2 thing.. [laugh] So we just keep on.

K!z!K:
Yeah, perhaps Disney workers were cruising by Irvine, and listening to "Gimme The Mermaid", and then you'll have that. Ah well. [laugh]

MH:
I'm proud of the fact that with all we've been through, we didn't dry up and blow away. We actually have come out of it stronger than we went into it.

K!z!K:
It's an amazing thing to see that after all that, you've had more releases in one year than most bands, who could easily afford it, have had in two. For example all the Over The Edge releases and Free. And you toured as well. Are you guys going to tour again anytime soon?

MH:
I don't know. It's really hard on us. It's kind of a lifestyle that we're not interested in. Being on the road is pretty rough, and none of us are really into it. On the other hand, I think the whole Sex Dirt project we're doing would be really fun to go out like we're a band in a more conventional sense of the word. And get David. You see, David hasn't played live with us since '86! He comes out on the road as a talking head on a TV monitor. And he's done that for years! [laugh] Because he really is so neurotic about dirt and germs. He doesn't like to go on the road. He doesn't want to take time off from fixing the Playboy channel. So he stays home, and he appears that way. But I think we talked him into the idea of maybe doing some shows! He's amazing once you get him on stage; it's just so hard to get him there.

K!z!K:
Well I'm sure there'd be lots of people who'd send their support and persuade him to come along.

MH:
Yes, we keep telling him this. We say "Everyone loves you, David. You have all these fans. You should go out." And he just says [in great Weatherman impression] "Oh no, I don't think so. I think I'm just too dumb. I don't think anyone wants to hear me. I've got to stay home and take care of my father; he's not doing well." All of you out there send him your prayers, love offerings, and good energy; and maybe it will help him change his mind. Well, anyway, thanks for letting me blabber on the air as long as I have, but I have to go.

K!z!K:
Oh, no problem!

MH:
Weren't you going to ask me out on a date?

K!z!K:
Oh yeah, I forgot! Sure, what time, Saturday?

MH:
You know, no one ever asks us personal questions, other than about our jobs. We've been doing this for 15 years, and no one ever asks us anything about our personal lives, which I think is great! We just get to talk about stuff like the music industry, corporations, the legal system, and copyright, and this stuff! [laugh]

K!z!K:
Well, I'm hopefully breaking that important barrier by going ahead and asking you out on a date, so how about it?

MH:
Weeeeell,...I don't know....I'm kind of... mmmmmm... I'm kind of this busy this Saturday. [laugh]

K!z!K:
OK, well another time then.

MH:
You've got to catch me when I'm not so busy. How about the Saturday after that?

K!z!K:
Score! [vicious thumbs up]

MH:
I'll get my travel agent to book a flight!